In later Greek, philosophers’ schools, as well as religious sects, are “heresies”. Peter (II, ii, 1) applies the term to Christian sects: “There shall be among you lying teachers who shall bring in sects of perdition ”. Justin (Dial., xviii, 108) uses airesis in the same sense. Paul is described to the Roman governor Felix as the leader of the heresy ( aireseos) of the Nazarenes (Acts, xxiv, 5) the Jews in Rome say to the same Apostle: “Concerning this sect, we know that it is everywhere contradicted” (Acts, xxviii, 22). Josephus applies the name ( airesis) to the three religious sects prevalent in Judea since the Machabean period: the Sadducees, the Pharisees, the Essenes (Bel. The term heresy connotes, etymologically, both a choice and the thing chosen, the meaning being, however, narrowed to the selection of religious or political doctrines, adhesion to parties in Church or State. Ecclesiastical jurisdiction over heretics XI. Church legislation on heresy: ancient, medieval, present-day legislation IX. Christ, the Apostles, and the Fathers on heresy VII. Origin, spread, and persistence of heresy VI.
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